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08611_Field_TCGG T376.txt
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landed property, down to the humblest serf, lived directly
or indirectly on the products of the soil, whether they
raised them by their labor, or confined themselves to
collecting and consuming them. Movable wealth no longer
played any part in economic life. (p. 7)
Pirenne is explaining how the feudal estate structure that
grew up after the Roman collapse was that of numerous
“centres without margins.” By contrast, the Roman pattern
had been centralist-bureaucratic, with much interplay between
centre and margins. The feudal estate fits the approach to
scripture that found the total wealth of meaning in the literal
text as inclusive. However, the new towns and burgesses begin
to approach that phase of “one level at a time” and of
specialist knowledge. In the same way, as Pirenne observes,
there was no nationalism until the fifteenth century: